220 Name Ideas for Yemeni Boy

Delve into the rich cultural tapestry of Yemen, where names carry deep historical and spiritual significance. Draw inspiration from Arabic roots, weaving elements of strength, honor, and tradition. Choose names that reflect familial heritage, echoing the proud landscapes and ancient stories of Yemen.

Here's a list of name ideas for a Yemeni boy, incorporating cultural significance and unique terms:

Talal, symbolizing aspiration and a flair for eminence, holds great significance in both traditional and modern Yemeni culture. Amidst the diverse and rich tapestry of Yemen's history, Raed captures the essence of a leader and pioneering spirit, reflecting the nation's historical leaders and explorers. Emphasizing warmth and familial bonds, Kareem resonates deeply with Yemeni values, synonymous with generosity and honor in social gatherings and traditional stories.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Sulaiman Al-Ashraf	Peaceful and noble; derived from the Arabic for Prophet Solomon.
Zaidan Al-Mansoor	Growth and progress; means 'victorious' in Arabic.
Panther; symbolizes strength and wisdom.
Rami Al-Jabari	Archer; represents precision and skill.
Yusuf Al-Qadir	God increases; reflects strength and capability.
Naim Al-Sayed	Blissful; signifies comfort and happiness.
Hakeem Al-Amin	Wise and trustworthy; denotes wisdom and reliability.
Jamil Al-Rahman	Handsome and compassionate; deriving from 'The Most Merciful'.
Latif Al-Mu'tasim	Gentle and defensive; signifies kindness and protection.
Yasser Al-Basheer	Easy and bearer of good news; represents joy and positivity.

Traditional Yemeni Boy Names

Ahmed embodies a sense of timeless strength and leadership, often associated with noble attributes. Khalid, carrying the meaning of eternity and immortality, represents resilience and enduring legacy. Hamza, evoking images of bravery and fierceness, connects with the historical and cultural richness of Yemenite heritage.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Othman Al-Sabahi	Wise and intelligent leader
Yasir Al-Mansoor	Easy-going, victorious
Ayman Al-Hakimi	Blessed, fortunate
Hassan Al-Faqih	Handsome, knowledgeable
Zayd Al-Nasiri	Growth, abundance
Tariq Al-Jabari	Morning star, evening traveler
Samir Al-Rahmani	Lively companion, merciful
Walid Al-Khalil	Newborn, friend
Nabil Al-Qadi	Generous, noble judge
Rami Al-Rashid	Archer, rightly guided

Popular Yemeni Male Names

Ahmed, a classic name reflecting strength and leadership, is widely embraced by Yemeni families as it holds Islamic significance, denoting various positive attributes. Ali, rooted deeply in Yemeni culture, signifies nobility and is often associated with the revered figure Imam Ali, renowned for his wisdom and bravery. Faisal, characterized by its meaning "decisive" and "resolute," is a cherished choice among parents who wish to impart qualities of justice and determination in their sons.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Ayman Al-Hakimi	Blessed; righteous
Zaid Al-Mansoor	Growth; abundance; the victorious
	Morning star; dawn
Sami Al-Najjar	Elevated; exalted; carpenter
Omar Al-Sayed	Long-lived; flourishing; master
Ali Al-Jabari	Exalted; noble; powerful
Hassan Al-Qudsi	Handsome; good; sacred
Yusuf Al-Fadhli	God increases; virtuous
Mohammed Al-Hashimi	Praised; commendable; descendant of Hashim
Nasser Al-Jamal	Victory; beauty

Unique Yemeni Boy Names

Basim, reflecting a joyful and cheerful disposition, is a common name in Yemen but not overly widespread. Tariq, meaning "morning star" or "he who knocks at the door," signifies guidance and enlightenment within Yemeni culture. Zayd, denoting growth or abundance, is both a distinct and meaningful name for a Yemeni boy, often associated with historical and religious significance.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Yasir Al-Mansoor	One who is easy-going and prosperous.
Omar Al-Hakeem	Long-lived and wise.
Samir Al-Quddus	Companion of the holy and divine.
Nabil Al-Rahman	Distinguished and compassionate.
Rami Al-Hassan	Archer of beauty and goodness.
Faris Al-Naeem	Courageous and blissful.
Salim Al-Zahir	Safe, sound, and radiant.
Bilal Al-Mujahid	One who is called to battle or striving for a cause.
Tariq Al-Sadiq	Morning star and truthful.
Zaid Al-Khalil	Growth and friend.

Historical Yemeni Names for Boys

Historically, Yemeni names for boys often draw inspiration from prominent figures and leaders in the region, reflecting the rich cultural and tribal heritage of Yemen. Names such as "Abdulrahman," meaning servant of the Merciful, "Sultan," referring to a ruler or king, and "Yahya," associated with the biblical prophet John, convey a sense of nobility and religious significance. Additionally, names like "Faisal," meaning decisive, and "Ibrahim," signifying a father of many, are emblematic of the deep-rooted family values and societal importance placed on strong, virtuous male figures.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Hamza Al-Saadi	Strong, steadfast; a lion
Yasir Al-Sharabi	Easy-going, affluent
Salem Al-Hamadi	Peaceful, safe
Idris Al-Mansoor	Studious, learned; the one who is guided
Fawwaz Al-Din	Victorious, successful in religion
Rami Al-Qudaihi	Archer, marksman
Tariq Al-Sajadi	Morning star, he who knocks at the door
Amin Al-Muhajir	Trustworthy, faithful; the emigrant
Hassan Al-Basri	Handsome, good; from Basra
Zayd Al-Hakami	Growth, abundance; the wise one

Yemeni Names with Strong Meanings

Names such as "Imad," meaning pillar or support, reflect strength and resilience in Yemeni culture. "Nashwan," which signifies happiness and joy, captures the spirit of emotional strength and positivity. "Ameer," denoting a prince or commander, embodies leadership and valor, traits deeply esteemed in Yemeni tradition.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Amir Al-Hasan	Prince of Goodness
Zainab Al-Nasr	Father's Precious Daughter of Victory
Khalid Al-Jabari	Eternal One of the Lion
Fatima Al-Rashid	One Who Abstains, The Rightly Guided
Isa Al-Fakir	Jesus, The Poor
Amina Al-Wadud	Trustworthy and Loving
Omar Al-Mahdi	Long-Lived, The Guided One
Layla Al-Hakim	Night, The Wise One
Salim Al-Amin	Safe and Trustworthy
Nadia Al-Fadl	Caller, The Bounty

Arabic Influence on Yemeni Boy Names

Yemeni boy names often exhibit deep Arabic influence, drawing from Islamic history and the Quran, with names like "Mohammed" reflecting the significance of the Prophet in Islamic culture. Traditional names such as "Ahmed," meaning "praised," and "Ali," which denotes "high" or "elevated," are imbued with cultural reverence and familial expectations within Yemeni communities. Furthermore, names like "Hassan," portraying an ideal of beauty and virtue, or "Ibrahim," a name honoring the patriarchal figure of Abraham, encapsulate the interplay of religious devotion and cultural heritage in Yemeni naming practices.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Omar Al-Mansoor	Flourishing and prosperous leader
Yusuf Al-Farouq	God increases; the one who distinguishes right from wrong
Ali Al-Jabari	Exalted; the mighty and strong
Salim Al-Rahman	Safe and sound; a gift from the merciful
Hassan Al-Sadiq	Handsome and good; the truthful one
Imran Al-Hakim	Long-lived, prosperous; the wise one
Rami Al-Malaki	Archer; associated with royalty
Faisal Al-Khalid	Decisive; eternal and everlasting
Zayd Al-Basri	Growth; from the prosperous land
Najib Al-Mustafa	Noble; chosen one

Influential Yemeni Leaders' Names

Ali Abdullah Saleh, a dominant figure in Yemeni politics, served as the President for over three decades, playing a pivotal role in the unification of North and South Yemen. Abdulmalik al-Houthi, the leader of the Houthi movement, has been instrumental in the ongoing conflict and reshaping of Yemen's political landscape. Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, while fraught with challenges during his presidency, represents the internationally recognized government amid a deeply divided nation.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Ali Al-Sabahi	Exalted or Elevated
Fatima Al-Hakimi	Captivating or One who abstains
Ahmed Al-Masri	Highly Praised
Nour Al-Din	Light of the Faith
Yasmin Al-Saadi	Jasmine Flower
Omar Al-Khattab	Long-lived one
Mariam Al-Sayed	Beloved or Wished for
Salim Al-Aidarous	Safe, Peaceful
Layla Al-Muallim	Night or Dark Beauty
Yusuf Al-Fadhli	God Increases

Yemeni Boy Names Inspired by Nature

Zayd, symbolizing "growth" or "abundance," represents the lush landscapes and fertile highlands of Yemen. Sami, meaning "elevated" or "sublime," embodies the majestic heights of Yemeni mountains and the serene beauty of its towering cliffs. Murad, translating to "desire" or "purpose," captures the essence of the timeless, sweeping deserts and the powerful allure of the Rub' al Khali's endless horizon.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Yasir Alwasi	Yasir means "wealthy" and Alwasi refers to "vast" or "expansive," inspired by the vastness of nature.
Farid Nahr	Farid means "rare" and Nahr means "river," symbolizing the uniqueness of a flowing river in nature.
Mansour Jibal	Mansour means "victorious" and Jibal means "mountains," reflecting the strength and majesty of mountain ranges.
Zayd Qamar	Zayd means "growth" and Qamar means "moon," representing the beauty of nature's cycles.
Rami Ward	Rami means "archer" and Ward means "flower," symbolizing the connection between nature and skill.
Tariq Rimal	Tariq means "morning star" and Rimal means "sand," inspired by the desert landscapes.
Hadi Nur	Hadi means "guide" and Nur means "light," reflecting the illumination found in natural settings.
Samir Raqas	Samir means "companion" and Raqas means "dancer," symbolizing the rhythm of nature.
Jamal Areeq	Jamal means "beauty" and Areeq means "sunny," representing the stunning beauty found in sunny landscapes.
Sami Ahsan	Sami means "elevated" and Ahsan means "best," inspired by the heights of nature's peaks.

Modern Yemeni Boy Names and Meanings

Zayd symbolizes growth and abundance, embodying a sense of prosperity and progress. Amir translates to "prince" or "commander," reflecting nobility and leadership qualities, often cherished in Yemeni culture. Nour, meaning "light," signifies radiance and enlightenment, representing hope and a bright future for families cherishing modern yet culturally resonant names.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Adnan Al-Hadi	Settler, one who is always at home
Yasir Al-Jabari	Rich, prosperous, and easy-going
Tariq Al-Mansoor	Morning star, the one who knocks at the door
Samir Al-Amin	Companion in conversation, trustworthy
Zayd Al-Farouq	Growth, abundance, one who distinguishes between right and wrong
Nabil Al-Hakim	Noble, highborn, wise
Hadi Al-Sabir	Guide, one who is patient
Rami Al-Nasr	Archer, victorious
Omar Al-Rashid	Long-lived, wise, rightly guided
Sami Al-Qadir	Elevated, sublime, powerful

Yemeni Boy Names with Islamic Roots

Yusuf, a name with ancient origins, signifies "God increases" and is linked to the Prophet Joseph in Islamic tradition. Ahmed, derived from the Arabic root "h-m-d", denotes "most praiseworthy" and is one of the epithets of the Prophet Muhammad, cherished for its deep spiritual resonance. Khalid, meaning "eternal" or "immortal", is inspired by Khalid ibn al-Walid, a revered military commander known for never losing a battle, highlighting a legacy of strength and enduring honor.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Ayaan Hassan	Gift of God, fortunate
Ibrahim Ali	Father of many, exalted father
Zayd Faris	Growth, abundance; knight
Rest, comfort; diligent
Yusuf Khalid	God increases; eternal
Samir Jamil	Entertaining companion; beautiful
Bilal Rashid	Water; rightly guided
Omar Saif	Flourishing; sword
Zain Tariq	Beauty; morning star
Rami Nabil	Archer; noble

Unique Naming Traditions in Yemen

In Yemen, naming conventions often reflect deep cultural and religious influences, with many names deriving from Arabic origins and the Quran, such as Ahmed, Fatima, or Khalid. Family ties and tribal affiliations play a crucial role, where children are sometimes named after venerated ancestors or longstanding tribal leaders, weaving personal history into identity. The significance of these names is amplified by the ceremonial practices surrounding birth, where it is common for names to be chosen based on the spiritual meanings and blessings they are believed to bestow upon the child.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Yasmin Al-Mansoor	Jasmine flower; victorious.
Samir Al-Hakim	Entertaining friend; wise.
Noura Al-Fahd	Light; the courageous one.
Samiha Al-Nasr	Generous; victory.
Jamila Al-Zahir	Beautiful; blooming/flowering.
Mohammed Al-Sabah	Praised one; morning.
Aminah Al-Syed	Trustworthy; the master.
Rami Al-Jamal	Archer; beauty.
Zainab Al-Khafaji	Father's precious jewel; strong woman.
Omar Al-Obaid	Long-lived; servant of God.

Yemeni Names Reflecting Strength and Honor

Yemeni names such as "Faris," meaning "knight" or "horseman," evoke a sense of strength and courage deeply admired in Yemeni culture, embodying qualities of bravery and honor. "Amin," translating to "faithful" or "trustworthy," reflects a reputation for integrity and reliability, vital attributes in traditional Yemeni society. "Saif," meaning "sword," symbolizes protection and power, representing a formidable presence and resilience admired in the Yemeni cultural heritage.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Aziz Al-Sayed	Beloved and respected leader
Malik Al-Jabari	Kingly and powerful warrior
Samir Al-Amari	Loyal and honorable leader
Jameel Al-Farhan	Beautiful and noble protector
Rami Al-Zahra	Brave and strong flower
Khalid Al-Hamadi	Eternal and strong defender
Farid Al-Sultan	Unique and powerful ruler
Hassan Al-Mansoor	Good and victorious one
Yasir Al-Nasr	Facilitator of victory
Imran Al-Qadi	Prosperous and honorable judge

Cultural Heritage in Yemeni Names

Yemeni names are rich with cultural heritage, often reflecting tribal affiliations, historical legacies, and religious significance, such as names like "Harith," meaning guardian or protector, and "Fatima," which holds deep reverence in Islamic history as the name of the Prophet Muhammad's daughter. Many Yemeni names also incorporate significant geographical markers or familial connections, like "Al-Makrami," linking to a specific region or lineage, enhancing the personal and communal identity of the individual. The utilization of Yemeni names such as "Zayd," rooted in ancient Yemeni tribes, embodies cultural pride and aims to preserve historical and social narratives through generational continuity.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Amal Al-Mansoor	Hope of the Victorious
Sana Al-Hakimi	Brilliance of the Wise
Rami Al-Ashraf	Archer of the Noble
Nadia Al-Sabahi	Caller of the Morning
Majid Al-Khalid	Glorious One of the Eternal
Zahra Al-Qadi	Flower of the Judge
Tariq Al-Rahman	Star of the Merciful
Yasmin Al-Faqih	Jasmine of the Scholar
Bilal Al-Mujahid	Water of the Struggler
Layla Al-Zahra	Night of the Flower

Choosing Symbolic Yemeni Boy Names

Select "Ayman," which signifies a person who is upright or blessed, often associated with strong morality and divine favor in Yemeni culture. Alternatively, consider "Faris," representing one who is a knight, a valorous character with cultural connotations of bravery and chivalry. Another profound choice is "Yazeed," embodying the concept of abundance and growth, resonating with aspirations for prosperity and expansion.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Amir Al-Din	Leader of the faith
Yasir Ali	Easy and noble
Samir Jamil	Entertaining and handsome
Omar Fadl	Long-lived and virtuous
Nasir Saleh	Helper and righteous
Farid Hadi	Unique and guide
Tariq Basim	Morning star and smiling
Khalil Nabil	Friend and noble
Amin Shakir	Trustworthy and grateful
Zahid Rami	Ascetic and archer

Influences on Yemeni Baby Names

Yemeni baby names are heavily influenced by cultural heritage, encompassing a blend of Arabic, Islamic, and tribal traditions, often reflecting the rich history and diverse ethnic background of Yemen. Names may be derived from revered religious figures such as prophets and saints, as well as historical tribal leaders and revered local heroes, symbolizing virtues like strength, wisdom, and piety. Additionally, Yemeni families often choose names that convey natural beauty, such as those inspired by the country's stunning landscapes, like "Sana" after Sana'a, or meanings like "Qamar," symbolizing the moon.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Amina Al-Hakimi	Trustworthy and faithful
Yasir Al-Sabahi	Easily prosperous and affluent
Laila Al-Mansoori	Night; dark beauty
Omar Al-Jabari	Long-lived; flourishing
Samira Al-Khouri	Companion in evening talk; entertaining
Hassan Al-Yamani	Handsome; good
Fatima Al-Zahra	One who abstains; shining
Bilal Al-Sabri	Water; moisture; refreshing
Najwa Al-Mawardi	Whisper; secret
Khalid Al-Rashid	Eternal; everlasting; rightly guided

Yemeni Names Reflecting Peace and Harmony

Yemeni names often carry deep cultural and historical significance, embodying the values of peace and harmony intrinsic to Yemeni society. Male names like "Salim," meaning safe or peaceful, and "Amin," meaning trustworthy, symbolize the ideals cherished within the community. Female names such as "Layal," which means nights but symbolizes tranquility, and "Noor," meaning light, reflect the serene and harmonious elements that families hope to instill in their daughters.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Salim Al-Hamid	Safe and peaceful, praised
Amir Rahman	Chief of mercy
Layla Noor	Night of light
Harith Al-Munir	Bringer of light
Samira Amani	Companion of peace
Nabilah Salam	Noble peace
Rami Wadi	Archer of the valley (flowing river)
Zainab Fida	Father's precious gift; peace
Jamilah Sahar	Beautiful dawn; harmonious beginning
Faizan Bashir	Officer of peace; bringer of good news

Spiritual Significance of Yemeni Boy Names

Yemeni boy names often carry deep spiritual significance, reflecting Islamic traditions and the rich cultural heritage of Yemen. Names like "Mohammed" or "Ahmad" are common and honor the Prophet Muhammad, symbolizing noble traits such as wisdom, fairness, and devoutness. Other names, such as "Faisal" or "Yusuf," may draw from Arabic history or stories from the Quran, imbuing the bearer with a sense of courage, justice, or prophetic blessing.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Yasir Al-Amin	Yasir means "wealthy" or "prosperous," and Al-Amin translates to "the trustworthy."
Samir Al-Faisal	Samir means "entertaining companion," and Al-Faisal means "the one who distinguishes between right and wrong."
Omar Al-Hakim	Omar means "flourishing" or "long-lived," and Al-Hakim means "the wise."
Nabil Al-Munir	Nabil means "noble," and Al-Munir translates to "the luminous" or "the bright."
Mustafa Al-Zahir	Mustafa means "the chosen one," and Al-Zahir means "the shining" or "the brilliant."
Bilal Al-Jabari	Bilal means "water" or "moisture," and Al-Jabari signifies "the strong" or "the powerful."
Khalil Al-Ahmed	Khalil means "friend" or "companion," while Al-Ahmed means "the most praiseworthy."
Ra'id Al-Khalaf	Ra'id means "leader" or "pioneer," and Al-Khalaf means "the successor."
Fares Al-Umari	Fares means "knight" or "horseman," while Al-Umari translates to "the prosperous."
Saif Al-Din	Saif means "sword," and Al-Din translates to "the sword of the faith."

Yemeni Names Passed Through Generations

Yemeni names often carry deep cultural significance, with many derived from ancient Semitic roots or inspired by historical figures and familial lineage. Names like "Zayd," meaning growth or abundance, are common, reflecting values of prosperity and respect within the community. Furthermore, "Fatima," named after the Prophet Muhammad's daughter, is frequently used for its religious connotations and representation of purity and reverence.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Amir Al-Sabah	Prince of the Morning
Fatima Al-Zahra	Daughter of the Light
Hassan Al-Muhtasib	Goodness of the Just
Layla Al-Hakim	Night of the Wise
Omar Al-Nasr	Long Life of Victory
Salma Al-Rashid	Peaceful of the Rightly Guided
Tariq Al-Bahr	Morning Star of the Sea
Zainab Al-Fadl	Father's Precious Gift
Yasir Al-Haya	Easy-going of Life
Rami Al-Qamar	Archer of the Moon

Importance of Tribal Names in Yemeni Culture

Tribal names in Yemeni culture serve as crucial identifiers, linking individuals to their ancestry, heritage, and communal histories, acting as markers of both pride and deep-rooted belonging within the tribal and national tapestry. These names often encapsulate the lineage and honor of tribal ancestors, providing a rich tapestry of historical and cultural narratives that are passed down through generations, fostering a sense of continuity and resilience amidst social and political upheavals. Additionally, tribal names can also influence social dynamics and opportunities, as they often denote specific geographic origins, societal roles, and even alliances, shaping interpersonal relationships and community hierarchies within the diverse ethnic and social landscape of Yemen.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Ali Al-Sahrawi	Ali means "exalted" and Al-Sahrawi refers to someone from the desert.
Fatima Al-Jabiri	Fatima is a revered name meaning "captivating" or "one who abstains," and Al-Jabiri indicates a family lineage.
Mohammed Al-Omari	Mohammed means "praised" and Al-Omari signifies a descendant of Omar.
Sanaa Al-Hadad	Sanaa means "brilliance" or "splendor," while Al-Hadad denotes a blacksmith or craftsman.
Zaid Al-Ali	Zaid means "growth" or "abundance," and Al-Ali means "the exalted or sublime."
Aisha Al-Hakimi	Aisha means "alive" or "living," and Al-Hakimi refers to a person from the Hakim family, often associated with wisdom.
Yusuf Al-Ma'aini	Yusuf means "God increases" and Al-Ma'aini refers to a lineage with ties to the Ma'in, an ancient civilization.
Laila Al-Baida	Laila means "night," and Al-Baida means "the white" or "fair," often used to describe purity.
Nasser Al-Souri	Nasser means "victor" or "helper," and Al-Souri refers to someone from the city of Soura.
Salma Al-Hamdi	Salma means "peace" or "safety," while Al-Hamdi denotes a family lineage often associated with praise.

Connection Between Geography and Yemeni Names

Yemeni names often reflect the rich tapestry of the region's geography, with many individuals being named after cities, landmarks, or natural features. The influence of coastal plains, mountainous highlands, and expansive deserts can be seen in names such as "Aden," inspired by the bustling port city, or "Hadrami," which links to the Hadhramaut region known for its ancient valleys. Names may also denote tribal affiliations, as tribes historically connected to specific geographic locations play a pivotal role in identity, with names like "Al-Jawfi," referencing ties to Al Jawf Governorate, illustrating the intertwined nature of geography and personal nomenclature.

Name Ideas	Name Meaning
Ali Al-Sahra	Ali means "exalted" and Al-Sahra refers to "the desert," symbolizing a noble character from the vast landscapes of Yemen.
Fatima Al-Wadi	Fatima means "captivating" and Al-Wadi translates to "the valley," representing beauty and depth found in Yemeni valleys.
Yusuf Al-Jabal	Yusuf means "God increases" and Al-Jabal means "the mountain," reflecting strength and resilience associated with Yemen's mountainous regions.
Amina Al-Bahr	Amina means "trustworthy" and Al-Bahr stands for "the sea," embodying the connection to Yemen's coastal heritage.
Salim Al-Qamar	Salim means "safe" and Al-Qamar means "the moon," symbolizing serenity and light amidst Yemen's nighttime skies.
Laila Al-Nakhil	Laila means "night" and Al-Nakhil translates to "the palm tree," reflecting the beauty and sustenance of Yemeni palm groves.
Rami Al-Salama	Rami means "archer" and Al-Salama means "the peace," embodying the balance of strength and tranquility in Yemen.
Nasir Al-Anfal	Nasir means "helper" and Al-Anfal refers to "the treasures," symbolizing wealth and support found in Yemen's resources.
Huda Al-Dhahab	Huda means "guide" and Al-Dhahab means "the gold," representing enlightenment and prosperity in Yemeni culture.
Imran Al-Nour	Imran means "prosperity" and Al-Nour means "the light," symbolizing hope and growth in Yemen's landscape.